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· How much data can be stored
Spreadsheets were originally designed for one user, and their characteristics reflect that. They’re great for a
single user or small number of users who don’t need to do a lot of incredibly complicated data manipulation.
Databases, on the other hand, are designed to hold much larger collections of organized information—
massive amounts, sometimes. Databases allow multiple users at the same time to quickly and securely access
and query the data using highly complex logic and language.

There are many sorts of databases, each having specific strong points in how they can store and retrieve their
data.
There are many different types of databases. The best database for a specific organization depends on how
the organization intends to use the data.

Relational databases
Relational databases became dominant in the 1980s. Items in a relational database are organized as a
set of tables with columns and rows. Relational database technology provides the most efficient and
flexible way to access structured information.

Object-oriented databases
· Information in an object-oriented database is represented in the form of objects, as in object-oriented
programming.

Distributed databases
· A distributed database consists of two or more files located in different sites. The database may be
stored on multiple computers, located in the same physical location, or scattered over different net-
works.
Data warehouses

· A central repository for data, a data warehouse is a type of database specifically designed for fast
query and analysis.

NoSQL databases
· A NoSQL, or nonrelational database, allows unstructured and semi structured data to be stored and
manipulated (in contrast to a relational database, which defines how all data inserted into the data-
base must be composed). NoSQL databases grew popular as web applications became more common
and more complex.

Graph databases
· A graph database stores data in terms of entities and the relationships between entities.